Today, we are living in an age of computer. Computer has its application in every field. It has made many tasks easy. Let's know more about computer.
What is a Computer?
Components of Computer?
- Input Units
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Output Unit
Input Unit
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
It is the brain of computer. All the data is processed in central processing unit of computer. All the function of computer are controlled by it.
CPU has three parts namely:-
- ALU
- Control Unit and
- Memory Unit.
ALU stands for Arithmetic Logic Unit. It performs functions like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division also do comparison like greater than (>), less than (<), equal to (=) etc. are also performed by ALU.
Control Unit (CU)
Control Unit (CU) of CPU, controls all the function of input, process, storage and output. This unit ascertain whether the computer is functioning as per the commands given to it or not. It instructs the ALU to perform operation. This is located between ALU and Memory Unit.
Memory Unit
Memory Unit of computer is responsible for storing data, instructions and results into it. Capacity of memory is measured in units of Bytes, Kilobytes (KB), Megabytes (MB) and Gigabytes (GB). One byte is equal to 8 bits.
1 KB = 1024 bytes
1 MB = 1024 KB
1 GB = 1024 MB
1 Terabyte (TB) = 1024 GB
There are two types of Memory Unit. They are: -
- Primary Memory
- Secondary Memory
Primary Memory is the memory of computer which directly communicates with the CPU. This is also called main memory of computer. Primary memory has two parts:
- RAM (Random Access Memory
- ROM (Read Only Memory
Secondary Memory does not interact directly with CPU. A large quantity of data can be stored in secondary memory. Floppy disc, hard disc, pen drive, CDs etc. are secondary memory devices.
- Floppy Disk: - Floppy Disk is round in shape and is made of plastic. There is a magnetic coating on it. To protect this disk, there is a square shape plastic cover on it. Data from one computer to another can be transferred through a floppy disk.
- Hard Disk (HD): - Hard Disk is inside the computer. It can be take out also. There is a solid, rounded disk covered in case. The disk is made of magnetic material and there can be more than one disk. It stores the data permanently. The memory capacity of hard disk is far more than floppy disk.
- Compact Disk (CD): - Compact Disk is round in shape and coated with magnetic material. CDs are read only memory (ROM), re-writeable and erasable also. CDs have high memory capacity.
- Pen Drive: - Pen drive is a secondary memory device like a pen in shape. It is very portable. There are some magnetic chips to store the data in a pen drive.
Output Unit
Output Unit displays the result, after processing the input data. Main output devices are monitor, printer, plotter, microfilm, microfiche etc.
Function of Computer
- Speedy and accurate calculation.
- Storage of data and information.
- Sorting the data.
- Retrieval of information.
- Processing of data and information.
- Monitoring and controlling other devices.
FAQ (Frequently Ask Question)
Ans: - Computer is an electronic device which stores and processes data and give meaningful results according to the given instruction.
2. What is CPU?
